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A Hammerbeam roof is a decorative, open timber roof truss typical of English Gothic architecture and has been called "...the most spectacular endeavour of the English Medieval carpenter."〔Bismanis, Maija R.. The medieval English domestic timber roof: a handbook of types. New York u.a.: Lang, 1987. 163.〕 They are traditionally timber framed, using short beams projecting from the wall on which the rafters land, essentially a tie beam which has the middle cut out. These short beams are called hammer-beams〔Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed.〕 and give this truss its name. A hammerbeam roof can have a single, double or false hammerbeam truss. == Design == A hammerbeam is a form of timber roof truss, allowing a hammerbeam roof to span greater than the length of any individual piece of timber. In place of a normal tie beam spanning the entire width of the roof, short beams – the hammer beams – are supported by curved braces from the wall, and hammer posts or arch-braces are built on top to support the rafters and typically a collar beam. The hammerbeam truss exerts considerable thrust on the walls or posts that support it. Hammerbeam roofs can be highly decorated including ornamented pendants and corbels, with church roofs often including carved angels〔Matthew Rice, Rice's Architectural Primer, Bloomsbury, 2009〕 A roof with one pair of hammer beams is a single hammerbeam roof. Some roofs have a second pair of hammer beams and are called double hammerbeam roofs (truss). A false hammerbeam roof (truss) has two definitions: # There is no hammer post on the hammer beam〔Davies, Nikolas, and Erkki Jokiniemi. Dictionary of architecture and building construction. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Architectural Press, 2008. 144.〕〔Alcock, N. W.. Recording timber-framed buildings: an illustrated glossary. London: Council for British Archaeology, 1989.〕 as sometimes found in a type of arch brace truss;〔Sharpe, Geoffrey R.. Historic English churches a guide to their construction, design and features. London: I.B. Tauris, 2011. 111. fig. 61.〕 or # The hammer beam joins into the hammer post instead of the hammer post landing on the hammer beam.〔Wood, Margaret. The English Mediaeval House. London: Ferndale Editions, 1980, 1965. 319〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hammerbeam roof」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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